Check for these tell-tale signs to stay safe! Hey there, adventurer! Ever been out on a hike, soaking in the beauty of nature, when you suddenly spot something slithering across your path? Your heart skips a beat, and you wonder, “Is that snake dangerous?” We’ve all been there. It’s a…Check for these tell-tale signs to stay safe! Hey there, adventurer! Ever been out on a hike, soaking in the beauty of nature, when you suddenly spot something slithering across your path? Your heart skips a beat, and you wonder, “Is that snake dangerous?” We’ve all been there. It’s a mix of excitement and a bit of panic. But fear not! I’m here to help you unravel the mystery of how to tell if a snake is venomous. In this guide, we’re diving deep into the world of snakes, busting myths, and giving you the lowdown on spotting the dangerous ones. Spoiler alert: It’s not just about the color! Whether you’re a seasoned hiker, a curious learner, or someone who just loves nature, by the end of this article, you’ll have the know-how to confidently identify whether a snake is a friend or foe. Stick with me, and I promise you’ll not only become the go-to snake expert among your friends but also feel a whole lot safer on your next outdoor adventure. Ready to become a snake-savvy superstar? Let’s slither right in! Key Takeaways Learn the main physical traits of venomous snakes. Understand behavioral signs that indicate danger. Discover safety tips for when you encounter a snake. Identifying Physical Traits Alright, let’s get down to business. How exactly can you tell if a snake is venomous? Here are the main physical traits to look out for: Head Shape One of the easiest ways to identify a venomous snake is by its head shape. Most venomous snakes have a distinct triangular or diamond-shaped head. This is due to the venom glands located on either side of their heads. So, if you see a snake with a broad, angular head, it’s time to stay cautious. Pupil Shape Ever heard that the eyes are the windows to the soul? Well, in the case of snakes, they can also be windows to danger. Venomous snakes often have elliptical, slit-like pupils, much like a cat’s eyes. In contrast, non-venomous snakes typically have round pupils. Next time you’re face-to-face with a snake, check out its peepers! Body Patterns This one’s a bit trickier because it’s not a hard-and-fast rule, but many venomous snakes have distinct, bright patterns on their bodies. However, don’t rely solely on this. Some harmless snakes can be just as colorful, while some venomous ones are more subdued in color. Presence of Fangs venomous snakes have prominent fangs that they use to inject venom into their prey. If you can safely observe, look for those tell-tale fangs. But remember, getting too close is never a good idea unless you’re a trained professional. Behavioral Signs Alright, now that we’ve covered the physical traits, let’s talk about behavior. Snakes have their own way of communicating danger, and if you know what to look for, their behavior can be a dead giveaway. Aggressiveness Venomous snakes are often more aggressive when they feel threatened. If a snake is coiling up, hissing, or making sudden movements towards you, it’s likely not a happy camper. This defensive behavior is a clear sign that the snake could be dangerous. Always give it plenty of space to avoid any unpleasant encounters. Warning Signals Some venomous snakes have built-in alarm systems. Take the rattlesnake, for instance. That iconic rattle isn’t just for show—it’s a warning to back off. Similarly, some snakes might flatten their bodies, puff up, or make loud hissing sounds. These warning signals are their way of saying, “Hey, stay away, I mean business!” Movement Watch the way the snake moves. Some venomous snakes, like the cottonmouth, have a unique way of swimming on the water’s surface with their bodies fully exposed. This distinctive movement can be a clue to their venomous nature. On land, a snake’s movement can also tell you a lot. If it seems overly confident and undeterred by your presence, it might be because it knows it has venomous backup. Safety Tips When Encountering Snakes Now that you’re well-versed in the physical and behavioral signs of venomous snakes, let’s talk about what to do if you actually encounter one. Here are some practical tips to keep you safe: Keep Your Distance This is the golden rule. The best way to stay safe is to maintain a respectful distance from any snake. Most snake bites occur when people try to handle or get too close to the snake. Stay Calm If you see a snake, don’t panic. Sudden movements can provoke a snake to strike. Take a deep breath, stay calm, and slowly back away from the snake. Educate Yourself Knowledge is power! Familiarize yourself with the types of snakes that are common in your area. Knowing what to expect can help you stay prepared and confident. Emergency Preparedness Know what to do in case of a snake bite. Quick and calm actions can make a huge difference. Keep a first aid kit handy and learn the basic steps of snake bite treatment. Remember, seeking professional medical help as soon as possible is crucial. Myth-Busting: Common Misconceptions Alright, let’s debunk some myths! There’s a lot of misinformation out there about snakes, and it’s time to set the record straight. Color Confusion Not all brightly colored snakes are venomous, and not all dull-colored snakes are safe. While some venomous snakes do have bright warning colors, many harmless snakes mimic these patterns to ward off predators. Don’t rely solely on color to make your judgment. Size Matters Think big snakes are more dangerous? Think again! Venomous snakes come in all sizes. Some of the most dangerous snakes can be quite small, so never judge a snake’s danger level by its size alone. Snake Charms Forget about those old wives’ tales and folklore. Stick to facts and evidence-based knowledge. For example, the idea that all venomous snakes have triangular heads is generally true but not foolproof. Always use a combination of traits to make your identification. Conclusion Next time you’re out exploring, you’ll be armed with the knowledge to stay safe and maybe even impress your friends with your snake smarts. Remember, when it comes to snakes, respect and caution are your best friends. Happy adventuring, and may your paths be snake-free—or at least, snake-savvy!
United States Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications Kevin D. Niedringhaus , Cheyney University of Pennsylvania Follow Taylor C. Chan , University of Pennsylvania Follow Ashley McDowell , Maryland Department of Agriculture Follow Lauren Mxwell , University of…United States Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications Kevin D. Niedringhaus , Cheyney University of Pennsylvania Follow Taylor C. Chan , University of Pennsylvania Follow Ashley McDowell , Maryland Department of Agriculture Follow Lauren Mxwell , University of Pennsylvania Follow Madison Stevens , University of Pennsylvania Follow Lane Potts , University of Pennsylvania Follow Erica Miller , University of Pennsylvania Follow Eman Anis , University of Pennsylvania Follow Kyle Van Why , United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Follow Thomas Keller , Pennsylvania Game Commission Follow David Stallknecht , University of Georgia Follow Rebecca L. Poulson , University of Georgia Follow Kaitlyn Bahrs , Pennsylvania State University Follow Justin D. Brown , Pennsylvania State University Follow ORCID IDs Niedringhaus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9560-5621 Chan https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6117-9042 Miller https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-6228 Keller https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4666-8711 Poulson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8087-3295 Brown https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-9288 Document Type Article Date of this Version 2024 Citation MDPI Animals (2024) 14(24): 3700 doi: 10.3390/ani14243700 Academic Editors: Carla Cacciotto, Elisabetta Coradduzza, and Alberto Alberti Abstract The avian influenza virus is a global pathogen with significant health and economic implications. While primarily a pathogen of wild and domestic birds, recent outbreaks of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b have caused mortality in a wide variety of mammals, including members of the Canidae family, on multiple continents. Despite sporadic mortality events globally, the epidemiology and pathobiology of H5N1 HPAIV in wild canids remains poorly defined. During 2022–2024, 41 wild canid carcasses (diagnostic cases), including 23 red foxes and 18 gray foxes, were tested for the influenza A virus (IAV) via PCR, with five red fox kits testing positive (12%). Infected animals had variably severe encephalitis, pneumonia, and occasionally myocarditis associated with strong immunolabeling for IAV. Serum from 269 wild canids in Pennsylvania was tested for antibodies to IAV, including 133 samples collected prior to 2021 (pre-H5N1 HPAIV 2.3.4.4b introduction) and 136 collected after 2022 (post-H5N1 HPAIV 2.3.4.4b introduction). All samples collected prior to 2021 were seronegative for IAV. Two coyotes from 2024 were seropositive for IAV but were negative for antibodies to the H5 and N1 subtypes. Collectively, these data suggest that while sporadic H5N1 HPAIV infection and mortality can occur in wild canids, particularly juvenile red foxes, infection was limited in these outwardly healthy and opportunistically sampled animals. Future studies should utilize a risk-based approach to target sampling of wild canids at increased risk for H5N1 HPAIV infection, such as those around waterfowl habitats or spatially around wild bird or domestic animal outbreaks. DOWNLOADS Since April 18, 2025 Included in Natural Resources and Conservation Commons , Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons , Other Environmental Sciences Commons , Other Veterinary Medicine Commons , Population Biology Commons , Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons , Veterinary Infectious Diseases Commons , Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology Commons , Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons , Zoology Commons COinS
AAAC Wildlife Removal Baytown AAAC Wildlife Removal of Texas Gulf Coast is a trusted and reliable wildlife removal service provider in Baytown, Texas. With years of experience in the industry, they have established themselves as the go-to solution for all wildlife-related issues, providing efficient and humane removal services to both…AAAC Wildlife Removal Baytown AAAC Wildlife Removal of Texas Gulf Coast is a trusted and reliable wildlife removal service provider in Baytown, Texas. With years of experience in the industry, they have established themselves as the go-to solution for all wildlife-related issues, providing efficient and humane removal services to both residential and commercial clients. What sets AAAC Wildlife Removal apart from the competition is their commitment to customer satisfaction and their expertise in handling wildlife. Their team of licensed and trained professionals has the knowledge and skills to safely and effectively remove a wide range of animals, including bats, raccoons, squirrels, opossums, and more. AAAC Wildlife Removal understands the importance of promptly addressing wildlife issues, as these animals can cause damage to property and pose health risks to humans and pets. That's why they offer 24/7 emergency services, ensuring that help is just a phone call away, no matter the time of day or night. Their wildlife removal process begins with a thorough inspection of the property to identify the source of the problem. This allows them to develop a customized plan of action, tailored to the specific needs of each customer. AAAC Wildlife Removal utilizes humane and ethical methods to remove the animals, ensuring their safety and well-being. What makes AAAC Wildlife Removal effective at wildlife removal is their use of advanced techniques and equipment. They stay up-to-date with the latest industry advancements, allowing them to efficiently and effectively handle any wildlife situation. Their team also takes precautions to prevent future infestations, sealing off entry points and offering tips on how to keep your property free from wildlife. AAAC Wildlife Removal takes pride in their commitment to environmental conservation. They adhere to strict guidelines and regulations set by local authorities and use eco-friendly methods to remove and relocate wildlife whenever possible. This not only benefits the environment but also ensures the safety and well-being of the animals. In conclusion, AAAC Wildlife Removal of Texas Gulf Coast is a reliable and effective wildlife removal service in Baytown, Texas. Their dedication to customer satisfaction, expertise in handling wildlife, and commitment to ethical and humane practices make them the go-to choice for all wildlife-related issues. Trust AAAC Wildlife Removal to provide prompt and efficient solutions that will keep your property safe and free from unwanted visitors. More on Sound Cloud: On YouTube: AAAC Wildlife Removal of Texas Gulf Coast provides professional and humane wildlife removal services in Baytown, Texas. Contact Us: AAAC Wildlife Removal 726 Gou Hole Rd Baytown, TX 77523 832-662-7677 Website: https://txgulfcoast.aaacwildliferemoval.com Email: txgulfcoast@aaacwildliferemoval.com Find us around the web: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCbOS5l-xSWQIho_arDIY52Q Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/aaacwildliferemovaltxgulfcoast/ Twitter: https://x.com/ric79352 SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/aaactxgulfcoast Blogger: https://aaactxgulfcoast.blogspot.com/ WordPress: https://aaactxgulfcoast.wordpress.com/ Tumblr: https://aaacwildliferemovaltexas.tumblr.com/
A modelling effort using POP-II software was presented to show the effects of altering the harvest structure of the reduction. The relatively high harvests of the last two years may result in maintaining the current Park population levels. A variety of scenarios increasing the number and proportion of cows harvested…A modelling effort using POP-II software was presented to show the effects of altering the harvest structure of the reduction. The relatively high harvests of the last two years may result in maintaining the current Park population levels. A variety of scenarios increasing the number and proportion of cows harvested show the greater effects cow harvests have on reducing the population relative to bull harvests.
Bats are the unsung heroes of our ecosystem, playing crucial roles that benefit us all. Hey there, nature lovers! Ever wondered why bats are so important? These little night-flyers might not get as much love as pandas or dolphins, but they’re just as crucial to our planet’s health. Picture this:…Bats are the unsung heroes of our ecosystem, playing crucial roles that benefit us all. Hey there, nature lovers! Ever wondered why bats are so important? These little night-flyers might not get as much love as pandas or dolphins, but they’re just as crucial to our planet’s health. Picture this: you’re enjoying a peaceful evening outdoors, free from the annoyance of buzzing mosquitoes. You can thank bats for that! These nocturnal superheroes are the unsung guardians of our ecosystems, and it’s high time we shed some light on their amazing contributions. Let’s dive into the world of bats and uncover why they truly matter, from pest control to pollination and beyond. Trust me, by the end of this article, you’ll see bats in a whole new light. Key Takeaways Bats contribute significantly to pest control and pollination. They play a vital role in maintaining healthy ecosystems. Bats have a surprising economic impact on agriculture. Bats as Natural Pest Controllers Alright, let’s get into one of the coolest superpowers bats have – natural pest control. Imagine a world where farmers didn’t have to rely so heavily on chemical pesticides. Sounds dreamy, right? Well, bats are making that dream a reality. These nocturnal ninjas are voracious eaters, especially when it comes to insects. Every night, a single bat can gobble up thousands of insects, including those pesky mosquitoes that love to ruin our summer evenings. But their diet isn’t just about making our BBQs more enjoyable. Bats play a crucial role in agriculture by keeping crop-damaging insects in check. Think about it: fewer bugs munching on crops means less need for chemical pesticides, which is a win for both farmers and the environment. Consider this – in the U.S. alone, bats save the agriculture industry an estimated $3.7 billion a year in pest control services. That’s a lot of cash saved just by letting bats do what they do best. And it’s not just about the money. Reducing pesticide use means healthier ecosystems, cleaner water, and safer food for us all. So, next time you see a bat zipping around at dusk, remember – it’s on a mission to keep our world a little bit greener and our lives a lot less buggy. These tiny pest controllers are a huge asset, silently working behind the scenes to maintain a balanced ecosystem and protect our crops. Who knew such small creatures could have such a big impact? Pollinators and Seed Dispersers Now, let’s talk about another superhero skill that bats possess – their role as pollinators and seed dispersers. You might be thinking, “Wait, bats do more than just eat bugs?” Absolutely! These night-time dynamos are also key players in keeping our ecosystems vibrant and diverse. First off, let’s chat about pollination. You might already know that bees and butterflies are great pollinators, but did you know that bats are too? Many bat species, especially in tropical and desert regions, are essential pollinators for a variety of plants. This includes some plants that produce fruits we love, like bananas, mangoes, and even the agave plant – yes, the one that gives us tequila. Imagine a world without these delicious fruits and, dare I say, tequila! It’s the bats who help keep these plants thriving by transferring pollen as they feed on nectar. But wait, there’s more. Bats also play a crucial role in seed dispersal. Many plants rely on bats to spread their seeds far and wide, promoting forest regeneration and biodiversity. When bats eat fruits, they fly off and later excrete the seeds in different locations, often far from the parent plant. This helps in the growth of new plants and maintains healthy, diverse ecosystems. Forests, especially rainforests, owe a lot to these flying gardeners who help plants colonize new areas and maintain genetic diversity. Imagine bats as the unsung gardeners of the night, working tirelessly to ensure our forests and gardens flourish. Without them, many plant species would struggle to survive, leading to less diverse and resilient ecosystems. Economic Benefits of Bats Alright, folks, let’s dive into the dollars and cents of why bats matter – the economic benefits. You might not think of these little creatures as financial powerhouses, but their contributions to the economy are nothing short of impressive. First up, pest control. As we mentioned earlier, bats are voracious insect eaters. By keeping pest populations in check, they provide a natural service that saves the agriculture industry billions of dollars each year. Fewer pests mean healthier crops and less reliance on expensive chemical pesticides. In the U.S. alone, bats save farmers an estimated $3.7 billion annually. That’s money that can be reinvested into sustainable farming practices, research, and even lower prices for consumers. It’s a win-win situation all around. Now, let’s talk about healthcare. Reducing the use of chemical pesticides, thanks to bats’ natural pest control, means fewer chemicals in our environment. This translates to cleaner water, healthier soil, and, ultimately, better health for humans and wildlife alike. Fewer chemicals in our food and water supply can reduce the risk of pesticide-related health issues, which can save on healthcare costs and improve overall well-being. Bats also boost local economies through tourism. Yep, you heard that right – bat tourism is a thing! Many regions around the world have turned their bat populations into tourist attractions. For example, the Congress Avenue Bridge in Austin, Texas, is home to the largest urban bat colony in North America. Every evening, thousands of tourists gather to watch the bats emerge at dusk, bringing significant revenue to the local economy through tourism-related spending on hotels, restaurants, and activities. This kind of eco-tourism not only educates people about the importance of bats but also supports local businesses. And let’s not forget about the indirect economic benefits. Bats play a crucial role in pollination and seed dispersal, as we discussed earlier. Healthy ecosystems with diverse plant and animal life contribute to the overall stability of our environment, which in turn supports agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. These industries rely on robust ecosystems to thrive, and bats are an integral part of that equation. Fascinating Bat Facts Ready to have your mind blown? Bats are not just essential for our ecosystems and economy; they’re also downright fascinating. Here are some cool bat facts that will make you appreciate these nocturnal marvels even more. Incredible Diversity There are over 1,400 species of bats, making them the second most diverse group of mammals after rodents. They range in size from the tiny bumblebee bat, which weighs less than a penny, to the giant flying fox, with a wingspan of up to six feet. This incredible diversity means that bats have adapted to a wide range of habitats and diets, showcasing nature’s creativity at its finest. Masters of Flight Bats are the only mammals capable of sustained flight. Unlike birds, bats have flexible wings with a thin membrane of skin stretched over elongated fingers. This unique wing structure allows for remarkable agility and maneuverability in the air, enabling them to catch insects on the fly and navigate through the darkest of nights with ease. Long Lifespan Despite their small size, bats can live surprisingly long lives. Some species of bats can live up to 30 years or more, which is quite impressive when you consider that most small mammals have much shorter lifespans. This longevity allows bats to play a consistent role in their ecosystems over many years. Echolocation Experts Many bats use echolocation to navigate and hunt in the dark. By emitting high-frequency sounds and listening for the echoes that bounce back from objects, bats can create a mental map of their surroundings. This remarkable ability allows them to detect even the smallest insects in complete darkness, making them highly efficient hunters. Social Creatures Bats are incredibly social animals. They often live in large colonies, sometimes numbering in the millions. These colonies can be found in caves, trees, buildings, and even bridges. Living in groups provides bats with safety in numbers and enhances their ability to locate food and mates. Important Pollinators As we’ve discussed, many bats are crucial pollinators. Without them, we’d have a hard time enjoying some of our favorite fruits and plants. In fact, some plants have evolved to bloom at night specifically to attract bat pollinators. These plants often have strong scents and large, pale flowers, making them easy for bats to find in the dark. Disease Fighters Bats play a role in controlling the spread of diseases. By consuming large quantities of insects, they help reduce the population of disease-carrying pests such as mosquitoes. This natural pest control helps lower the risk of diseases like malaria and West Nile virus, protecting both humans and animals. The Plight of Bats As much as we’ve celebrated the incredible awesomeness of bats, it’s time to talk about the challenges they face. Despite their many benefits and fascinating traits, bats are in trouble. Let’s delve into the major threats that are putting these vital creatures at risk. Habitat Loss One of the biggest threats to bats is habitat destruction. Deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural expansion are wiping out the natural habitats that bats depend on. Trees, caves, and other roosting sites are being destroyed, leaving bats with fewer places to live and breed. This loss of habitat not only reduces bat populations but also disrupts the ecosystems they help maintain. Disease Bats are susceptible to diseases, just like any other animal. One of the most devastating diseases affecting bats is White-Nose Syndrome (WNS), a fungal infection that has killed millions of bats in North America since it was first discovered in 2006. WNS causes bats to wake from hibernation frequently, depleting their
United States Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications J. Jeffrey Root , United States Depertment of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado Follow Stephanie M. Porter , United States…United States Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications J. Jeffrey Root , United States Depertment of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado Follow Stephanie M. Porter , United States Depertment of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado Julianna B. Lenoch , United States Depertment of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Disease Program, Fort Collins, Colorado Jeremy W. Ellis , United States Depertment of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado Follow Angela M. Bosco-Lauth , Colorado State University Follow Document Type Article Date of this Version 2024 Citation Virology (2024) 600: 110231 doi: Abstract We tested the ability of six peridomestic wildlife species to replicate a highly pathogenic (HP) clade 2.3.4.4b AIV (H5N1) isolated in the United States during 2022. All tested species replicated and shed virus, at least to some degree. Of the six species evaluated (house sparrows ( Passer domesticus ), European starlings ( Sturnus vulgaris ), feral pigeons ( Columba livia ), striped skunks ( Mephitis mephitis ), Virginia opossums ( Didelphis virginiana ), and cottontails ( Sylvilagus sp.)), striped skunks and Virginia opossums shed the highest viral titers of 106.3 PFU/mL and 105.0 PFU/mL, respectively. Overall, the results of this study indicate that certain peridomestic species could pose a biosecurity threat to poultry operations in some situations. In addition, this study and field reports indicate that the HP AIVs circulating in the U.S. during 2022–2024 may have an extremely broad range of species that can be impacted by and/or replicate and shed these viruses. DOWNLOADS Since November 23, 2024 Included in Natural Resources and Conservation Commons , Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons , Other Environmental Sciences Commons , Other Veterinary Medicine Commons , Population Biology Commons , Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons , Veterinary Infectious Diseases Commons , Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology Commons , Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons , Zoology Commons COinS
Researchers studying infectious diseases have discovered Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV), a bat-borne virus, in stored throat swab samples and virus cultures from five patients in Bangladesh. These individuals were originally suspected of having Nipah virus infection but later tested negative. The finding places PRV among the growing number of animal-to-human viruses…Researchers studying infectious diseases have discovered Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV), a bat-borne virus, in stored throat swab samples and virus cultures from five patients in Bangladesh. These individuals were originally suspected of having Nipah virus infection but later tested negative. The finding places PRV among the growing number of animal-to-human viruses identified in the country and indicates it should be considered when doctors evaluate illnesses that resemble Nipah. The research was published in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases . All five patients had recently consumed raw date palm sap, a sweet liquid commonly collected during winter and frequently visited by bats. This sap is already known as a major pathway for Nipah virus transmission in Bangladesh. Bats are recognized as natural hosts for many zoonotic viruses, including rabies, Nipah, Hendra, Marburg, and SARS-CoV-1. "Our findings show that the risk of disease associated with raw date palm sap consumption extends beyond Nipah virus," said Nischay Mishra, PhD, associate professor of epidemiology at the Center for Infection and Immunity (CII), Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, and senior author of the study. "It also underscores the importance of broad-spectrum surveillance programs to identify and mitigate public health risks from emerging bat-borne viruses." Nipah-Like Illnesses Reveal a Different Cause Between December 2022 and March 2023, the five patients were hospitalized with symptoms typical of Nipah virus infection (including fever, vomiting, headache, fatigue, increased salivation, and neurological). Despite these signs, laboratory testing using PCR and serology ruled out Nipah virus. To investigate further, researchers applied high-throughput, agnostic viral capture sequencing (VCS) to patient samples. This approach revealed genetic material from PRV in archived throat swabs. In three cases, scientists were also able to grow the virus in culture, confirming the presence of active infection. The patients were identified through a Nipah virus surveillance program jointly run by the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Bangladesh; International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b); and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Advanced Technology Detects Overlooked Viruses Viral Capture Sequencing (VCS) is a patented method developed at the CII at Columbia University. It allows scientists to screen for all known viral infections in vertebrates, including viruses carried by bats. The technique matches the sensitivity of standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing while simultaneously searching for thousands of viruses and generating near-complete genome sequences. A related tool, Bacterial Capture Sequencing (BCS), detects disease-causing bacteria and genes linked to antibiotic resistance. Both technologies are approved for use in clinical and research settings. All five patients in the study experienced severe illness. In contrast, PRV infections reported in nearby countries have often been milder. This difference suggests that less serious cases in Bangladesh may be occurring without being diagnosed. "A new addition of zoonotic spillover causes respiratory and neurological complications following consumption of raw date palm sap next to Nipah virus infection," says Tahmina Shirin, PhD, Director, Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Research (IEDCR), as well as the National Influenza Centre (NIC) in Bangladesh. Linking Bat Reservoirs to Human Infection In more recent work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Mishra and his colleagues traced the likely source of infection by identifying genetically similar Pteropine orthoreoviruses in bats captured near where the human cases occurred, close to the Padma River Basin (unpublished data). "This [research] provides critical evidence linking bat reservoirs to human infection. We are now working to understand the spillover mechanisms from bats to humans and domestic animals, as well as the broader ecology of emerging bat-borne viruses in communities along the Padma River Basin," says Ariful Islam, bat-borne disease ecologist and epidemiologist at Charles Sturt University, Australia, and co-first author of the study. The study was co-led by Sharmin Sultana, assistant professor of Virology and Senior Scientific Officer at the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) in Bangladesh. Additional contributors include James Ng, Sunil Kumar Dubey, Cheng Guo, and W. Ian Lipkin of the CII; Manjur Hossain Khan of IEDCR; Mohammed Ziaur Rahman and Moinuddin Satter of icddr,b; Joel M. Montgomery of the CDC's National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases; and Lisa Hensley of the Zoonotic and Emerging Disease Research Unit at the United States Department of Agriculture. The research was funded through United States Department of Agriculture agreements with Columbia University (NACA-58-3022-2-021, NACA- 58-3022-4-053).
Two species thought to be extinct resurfaced in New Guinea The post ‘Lazarus’ marsupials rise from the dead after 6,000 years appeared first on The Wildlife Society.
Florida has always been a land of profound changes. Seas have naturally risen and fallen over thousands of years, greatly expanding and contracting the peninsula. A key difference now is … Read more The post Connecting to Wild Florida and the Gulf in an Era of Climate Change appeared first…Florida has always been a land of profound changes. Seas have naturally risen and fallen over thousands of years, greatly expanding and contracting the peninsula. A key difference now is … Read more The post Connecting to Wild Florida and the Gulf in an Era of Climate Change appeared first on The National Wildlife Federation Blog.
Trees are essential to life on Earth. They absorb and store CO 2 , support animals, fungi, and insects, hold soil in place, manage water cycles, and provide people with vital resources such as wood, food, and cooling shade during hot weather. Despite their importance, forests around the world are…Trees are essential to life on Earth. They absorb and store CO 2 , support animals, fungi, and insects, hold soil in place, manage water cycles, and provide people with vital resources such as wood, food, and cooling shade during hot weather. Despite their importance, forests around the world are undergoing a major shift. New research shows that many forest ecosystems are becoming more uniform, losing biodiversity, and growing less resilient. These findings come from a large international study published in the journal Nature Plants . By examining more than 31,000 tree species across the globe, scientists were able to map how forests are likely to change in the coming decades. Their analysis focused on shifts in species makeup, long-term stability, and how forests function as ecosystems. Forests Are Shifting Toward Fast Growing Species The study found that fast-growing tree species are becoming increasingly dominant. At the same time, slower-growing trees with specialized traits face a growing risk of decline or extinction. Jens-Christian Svenning, Professor and Director of the Danish National Research Foundation's Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO) at the Department of Biology, Aarhus University, and a senior author of the study, says this trend is deeply concerning. He points especially to the danger faced by tree species that exist only in small, isolated regions of the world. "We are talking about highly unique species, especially concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions, where biodiversity is high and ecosystems are tightly interconnected. When specialized, native species disappear, they leave gaps in ecosystems that alien species rarely fill, even if those species are fast-growing and highly dispersive," says Jens-Christian Svenning. The Trees That Support Forest Stability Are at Risk The species under the greatest threat are slow-growing trees that thrive in stable environments. According to Svenning, these trees often have thick leaves, dense wood, and long lifespans, and they are especially common in moist tropical and subtropical forests. "They form the backbone of forest ecosystems and contribute to stability, carbon storage, and resilience to change," says Jens-Christian Svenning. If climate change and forest exploitation continue at current levels, forests are likely to favor fast-growing trees with lighter leaves and lower wood density. These traits allow rapid growth over short periods. Common examples include species of acacia, eucalyptus, poplar, and pine. "Although these species establish and grow well, they are more vulnerable to drought, storms, pests, and climatic shocks. This makes forests less stable and less effective at storing carbon over the long term," says Jens-Christian Svenning. Why Non Native Trees Are Spreading The research also highlights the growing role of naturalized tree species, meaning trees that originated elsewhere but now grow wild in new regions. Nearly 41 percent of these species share traits like rapid growth and small leaves, which help them survive in disturbed environments. However, Svenning notes that these trees rarely replace the ecological roles of native species. "Moreover, in landscapes affected by today's and tomorrow's disturbances, naturalized species can make it even harder for native trees to survive, because competition for light, water, and nutrients intensifies," he adds. Tropical Forests Face the Greatest Losses The study shows that tropical and subtropical regions are likely to experience the most severe impacts from forest homogenization. These areas are expected to see the largest increases in tree species endangerment. "This is where many slow-growing tree species with naturally small ranges occur. Because they are confined to very limited areas, these species are especially vulnerable and risk disappearing entirely if their habitats are destroyed or taken over by fast-growing species," explains the study's first author, young professor Wen-Yong Guo from the School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai. Guo also notes that fast-growing and naturalized species are expected to continue spreading worldwide as environmental disturbances increase. "At the same time, we forecast rising number of naturalized and fast-growing tree species adapted to increasing disturbance throughout the world. Hence, in the colder parts of the Northern Hemisphere, the likely dominant dynamic is the invasion of such species," says Wen-Yong Guo. Human Activity Is Driving Forest Change According to the researchers, human actions are the main force behind these changes in forest composition. "Human-driven climate change, deforestation for infrastructure, intensive forestry, logging, and global trade in tree species all play a role. Fast-growing trees are often actively promoted because they produce timber or biomass quickly. But ecologically, they are often fragile and more prone to disease," explains Wen-Yong Guo. Why Forest Management Needs to Change Using future modeling scenarios, the researchers examined how tree species are likely to spread or decline over time. Their results show that naturalized species already present in forests are expected to become even more dominant in the decades ahead. This makes protecting slow-growing tree species increasingly urgent, says Jens-Christian Svenning. He emphasizes the need for forest management strategies that actively support these species and prioritize ecosystem restoration. "When establishing new forests, far more emphasis should be placed on slow-growing and rare tree species. This would make forests more diverse and resilient. These species should also be actively promoted in conservation and restoration efforts, where they often interact positively with the recovery of richer communities of large animals, which themselves are also important for future ecosystem functioning," concludes Jens-Christian Svenning.
Lawmakers want to reopen wildlife management areas in Utah to the general public again, but only after teaching them about the importance of wildlife areas.
The Willapa National Wildlife Refuge is a broad network of interconnecting waterways, coastal forest, estuaries, sloughs and riparian and river ecosystems. This rich mix of diverse habitat provides refuge for … Read more The post Postcard from the Pacific Flyway: Willapa National Wildlife Refuge appeared first on The National Wildlife…The Willapa National Wildlife Refuge is a broad network of interconnecting waterways, coastal forest, estuaries, sloughs and riparian and river ecosystems. This rich mix of diverse habitat provides refuge for … Read more The post Postcard from the Pacific Flyway: Willapa National Wildlife Refuge appeared first on The National Wildlife Federation Blog.
More extreme hot and cold weather patterns put ectotherms at risk The post Cold-blooded animals can’t weather temperature swings appeared first on The Wildlife Society.
Atlanta, Ga.-based Arrow Exterminators opened two new service centers in Cleveland, Tenn., and Lafayette, La., marking Arrow’s 199th and 200th service centers and representing a significant milestone in the company’s continued growth. The Cleveland office, which will be known as the Cleveland Service Center, provides a full range of residential…Atlanta, Ga.-based Arrow Exterminators opened two new service centers in Cleveland, Tenn., and Lafayette, La., marking Arrow’s 199th and 200th service centers and representing a significant milestone in the company’s continued growth. The Cleveland office, which will be known as the Cleveland Service Center, provides a full range of residential pest control services to support […] The post Arrow Exterminators opens 200th service center first appeared on Pest Management Professional.
The National Pest Management Association recently announced that registration is now open for Academy 2026, taking place July 21–23, 2026. The post NPMA opens registration for Academy 2026 first appeared on Pest Management Professional.
Citizen science efforts help uncover bee information from what they leave behind The post To learn more about bees, build them a hotel appeared first on The Wildlife Society.
Join Target Specialty Products tomorrow, Thursday, March 26, at 2:30 p.m. Eastern for its latest addition to its Business Growth Webinar Series, featuring Dr. Tim Husen, BCE, PHE, PCQI, technical services manager for Syngenta Professional Solutions, covering “Why You Need Another New Cockroach Gel Bait: Introducing Vanecto.” The in-depth session…Join Target Specialty Products tomorrow, Thursday, March 26, at 2:30 p.m. Eastern for its latest addition to its Business Growth Webinar Series, featuring Dr. Tim Husen, BCE, PHE, PCQI, technical services manager for Syngenta Professional Solutions, covering “Why You Need Another New Cockroach Gel Bait: Introducing Vanecto.” The in-depth session will highlight the latest advancements in […] The post Tomorrow: Target Specialty hosts cockroach-focused webinar first appeared on Pest Management Professional.
